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The Brazilian Socialist People's Party, known in Portuguese as Partido Popular Socialista (PPS), has undergone significant evolution in its political stance and identity over the years. Originally established as a successor to the Brazilian Communist…   Party (PCB) in 1992, the PPS marked a shift towards more centrist and social democratic ideologies, moving away from the strict Marxist-Leninist doctrines that characterized its predecessor. This transition was reflective of the broader global changes following the end of the Cold War, as many communist and socialist parties worldwide sought to reinvent themselves within the new political landscape.<br /><br />The values and principles of the PPS have been centered around the promotion of social democracy, emphasizing the importance of democratic governance, social justice, and human rights. The party advocates for a balanced approach to economic policy, supporting free-market principles while also arguing for the state's role in regulating the economy to ensure equitable distribution of wealth and to protect the rights of workers. Environmental sustainability and the promotion of green policies have also been significant in the party's platform, reflecting a broader concern for global environmental issues and sustainable development.<br /><br />In terms of social policies, the PPS has championed progressive stances on various issues, including education, healthcare, and minority rights. The party supports the expansion of public education and healthcare services, aiming to improve access and quality for all Brazilians. Furthermore, it has been an advocate for the rights of marginalized communities, including LGBTQ+ individuals, indigenous peoples, and Afro-Brazilians, promoting policies that aim to reduce inequality and discrimination.<br /><br />The PPS's foreign policy positions have generally favored international cooperation, human rights, and the promotion of peace. The party has advocated for Brazil to play an active and positive role in international affairs, supporting multilateralism and the strengthening of ties with other nations, particularly within Latin America.<br /><br />Over the years, the PPS has been part of various coalitions and governments, reflecting its pragmatic approach to politics and its willingness to work with other political parties to achieve its objectives. Despite not being one of the largest parties in Brazil, the PPS has maintained a presence in the national political scene, contributing to debates and policies on a range of issues.<br /><br />It's important to note that political parties can evolve, and their names, ideologies, and key figures may change over time. As of our last update, the PPS had undergone another transformation, rebranding itself as Citizenship (Cidadania) in 2019. This change reflects an ongoing effort to adapt to Brazil's shifting political landscape and to appeal to a broader segment of the population, emphasizing themes of citizenship, democracy, and social progress.קרא עוד