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The Brazilian Social Democracy Party, known in Portuguese as the Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira (PSDB), is a political party in Brazil that was founded in 1988. Emerging from a split within the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB) over ideological…   disputes and in the wake of the re-democratization process after a long military dictatorship, the PSDB positioned itself as a party advocating for social democracy. Its founders included a mix of intellectuals, academics, and politicians who were disillusioned with the existing political spectrum's ability to address Brazil's profound social inequalities and economic challenges.<br /><br />The PSDB's values and ideology are rooted in the principles of social democracy, which emphasizes the role of the state in moderating the excesses of capitalism and ensuring that economic growth benefits all segments of society. The party advocates for a strong but democratic government that invests in social programs, education, and healthcare to reduce poverty and inequality. It supports the development of a market economy with social responsibility, believing in the importance of balancing economic development with environmental sustainability and social justice.<br /><br />Over the years, the PSDB has been associated with neoliberal economic policies, particularly during the presidency of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002), one of the party's founding members. During his tenure, Brazil underwent significant economic reforms, including privatization of state-owned enterprises and opening up the economy to global markets. These policies were seen as a departure from traditional social democratic principles by some, leading to debates within the party about its ideological direction.<br /><br />Despite these debates, the PSDB has consistently positioned itself as a center or center-right party in Brazil's political spectrum, distinguishing itself from more conservative parties by maintaining a commitment to social policies aimed at reducing inequality. The party supports political reform, including measures to increase transparency and reduce corruption, as part of its broader agenda to strengthen Brazil's democracy.<br /><br />In recent years, the PSDB has faced challenges, including internal divisions and competition from other parties on both the right and the left of the political spectrum. Nevertheless, it remains an influential force in Brazilian politics, advocating for a vision of social democracy that seeks to combine economic efficiency with social equity.קרא עוד